About RIK Journals
‘RIK Journals’ are international journals intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Science, Technology, Arts, Management, Engineering, Humanities, Social Science, Education, etc. RIK Journals are...
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| All | Since 2015 | |
|---|---|---|
| Citation | 2400 | 1030 |
| h-index | 962 | 911 |
| i-index | 423 | 261 |
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2021 Archive
| Number 1 |
Title: Sales of Automobile and Macroeconomic Variables: A Pooled Mean Group Analysis for Asian Countries Author: Tahya Toihd & Moha Lamid Abstract: ... The objective of this paper is to analyse the impact of economic variables on automobile sales in five ASEAN countries. The long term and short term correlation between these variables are implemented using the panel error-correction model. Annual data from 1996 to 2010 involving five variables from five ASEAN countries namely Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines and Thailand were accumulated as sample for this research. Result from the test shows that gross domestic product (GDP), inflation (CPI), unemployment rate (UNEMP) and loan rate (LR) have significant long term correlation with automobile sales in these ASEAN countries. The value of error correction in the short term to achieve long term stability based on ECT parameter is found to be significant in Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. On the other hand, each country is influenced by different variables in the short term period. Keywords: Automobile sales, macroeconomic variables, ASEAN, dynamic relationship, panel error correction. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Differentiating between Employees’ Performance Management and Employees’ Performance Appraisal Author: Denne Sufere Abstract: ... Performance appraisal and performance management were one of the emerging issues since last decade. Many organizations have shifted from employee’s performance appraisal system to employee’s performance management system. This paper has focused to study the evolution of employee’s performance appraisal system, critics the system suffered and how the performance management system came to the practice. The main purpose of this paper is to differentiate these two systems, employee’s performance appraisal and management system. This paper uses a review of the literature to evaluate the development of appraisal system and argues the critic areas of appraisal system. The review identified as advancement in the management field and growing complexity in corporate sectors demand more capable HR, so mare appraisal of employee’s performance is not sufficient. Employee’s contribution should be aligned with organizational objectives and strategy. Performance management eliminates the shortcomings of performance appraisal system to the some extent. Keywords: Human resource (HR), HR development, performance appraisal, performance management, performance evaluation. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Investigating Management and Business Issues of Ecommerce Author: Tashadra Ramin Abstract: ... Electronic Commerce is the execution of business processes using Internet technologies continues to be a significant, pervasive issue for both enterprises and customers. Management of relationships between enterprises and customers has often been referred to as Customer Relationship Management (CRM). This paper considers such challenges, linked to the consumer’s understanding and the usability of the security features. Electronic business brings about profound impacts on a country’s taxation system, taxation policy and taxation methods as well. In this paper we study about B2B ecommerce and B2C ecommerce. Keywords: e-Commerce, security, threats, B2B ecommerce, B2C commerce, taxation policy. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Globalization, Beliefs and Business Cultures Author: Suha Abboush Abstract: ... Globalisation has made the availability of international products and services which can be accessed by individuals in many countries, from diverse economic backgrounds. Thus business culture reflected in organizations the extent to which society accepts that power is distributed unequally in institutions and organizations, likes formal rules; absolute truths masculine is assertive, acquisitive, values money and things and not caring for others, quality of life or people; whereas, femininity is nurturing and valuing quality of life , individual takes care of self and family and is low on organizational loyalty; collectivism is in-group or clan responsibility loyalty is owed to the group. In cultures where people are emphasized, it is the quality of interpersonal relationships which is important. In cultures where ideologies are emphasized, sharing common beliefs is more important than group membership. In cultures where action is emphasized, what is done is more important than what is said. Styles of creating persuasive impressions for a long term sustainable business relations, and economically gaining. Keywords: Globalisation, Cultures, trust, beliefs, values. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Enhancing Employee Performance using Innovative Learning and Development Techniques Author: Nageeth O. (Ph.D) Abstract: ... This study aims to present innovative practices in which can help to improve employee performance in organizations leading to enhanced employee commitment and retention. As we all know, retention of valuable employees is a global challenge today. Organizations are constantly dueling with the task of retaining employees, and substantial evidence suggest that retention of skilled employees has become a serious concern to managers as they face ever increasing high rate of employee turnover (Arthur, 1994; Budhwar & Mellahi, 2007). Scholars have clearly established the direct linkage between job satisfaction and organizational commitment on employee retention. (Budhwar & Mellahi, 2007, Dole & Schroeder, 2001). Various studies have proved that among other factors training and development opportunities can significantly enhance the organizational commitment and satisfaction of employees (Meyer & Smith, 2000). It has been clearly found that if employees are given training and development opportunities, they will be more likely to remain in the environment. (Huselid, 1995). Keywords- Employee Retention, Performance Management, Learning and Development Interventions, Competencies, Employee Commitment. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Important Factors Catalyzing the Development of Indian Market Dental Care Products Author: Zahid Ali (Ph.D) Abstract: ... The study focuses on the survey on dental care products through various specialized doctors who were practicing in reputed hospitals of Delhi. Doctors surveyed under the study were BDS and MD as well. This survey was carried out to find out the various factors which are associated with dental therapy and to find out various hurdles that come into its acceptance. The Global Industry Analyze the global market for Dental Supplies to reach up to US$19.4 billion by the year 2017. This study has been done through face to face conversation with eighty dentists specialized in their field and who were prescribing dental products, in different hospitals of Delhi. These interviews were beneficial in comparatively analyzing the pros and cons of dental therapy and its methods of drug administration. A randomized controlled trial was done to evaluate the impact of dental therapy. The data collected by the survey of 80 dentists was analyzed by different tests of SPSS (Statistical Software for Social Science) version 16. Results of the study indicate that the major practicing group comprises of independent dentist working in private clinic, so individual sales effort should also target these dentist apart from institutional selling. The two classes of drugs namely antibiotics and Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most important group to be target as they are used most frequently by the dentists. Keywords: Dental Industry, Dental Products, Indian Dental Market, Oral Healthcare. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: The Relative Effectiveness of Monetary and Fiscal Policy on Nigeria Economy: An ARDL Approach Author: Abraham, Anthony (Ph.D) & Wosu, Chidi (Ph.D) Abstract: ... This study investigates the link between the relative effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policy on Nigeria economy using the ARDL approach. The main motivation is to empirically determine the relative effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policy on economic growth in Nigeria and the one that more effective on the Nigerian economy. Annual data from 1990-2019 were employed such as broad money supply, exchange rate, government tax revenue and government aggregate expenditure. We employed ADF unit root test for stationarity and Co-integration test for long-run and ECM test to determine the speed of adjustment from the short run to its long run equilibrium. Furthermore, post diagnostic test were carried out to estimate the stability of the variables. The log-linear Ordinary Least Square result indicates that R2 is 68 per cent and that given the F* value of 8.889277, the entire model is internally consistent. There is a presence of auto-correlation in the model since DW is 1.487410. The results shows variables are integrated of order 1(1) and 1(0) and a long run link was established among the variables. The ECM value of - 0.28 per cent is able to correct, adjust and tie the short run dynamics with the long run equilibrium with a speed of three weeks. The post test results reveal that Heteroskedasticity and serial correlation is not a problem in the model and that the model appropriateness shows evidence of being well specified. The study concludes that attention should be paid to monetary policies as the empirical outcome confirms its effectiveness in impacting more on economic growth than the fiscal policy in Nigeria. The study recommends stable monetary policy tha will not cause uncertainity in the economy to avoid irreversible impacts on investment spending. Keywords: Moetary policy, Fiscal policy, Economic growth, Exchange rate, ARDL. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Analyzing the Advantages of Pakistan Tea Manufacturing Author: Yawad Gahez (Ph.D) Abstract: ... Tea is common beverage all over the world. It starts production in the fourth year of tea plantation. Its production increases for the first three to four years and reaches the maturity stage of maximum production in the ninth and tenth year. After reaching the maturity stage it is deeply pruned every fifth year to maintain it at desirable height, which is suitable for fresh leaves plucking. Pakistan has long tradition in tea consumption. However, its cultivation started in 1986 at Shinkiari, Hazara Division. Presently, 700 acres of land is under tea plantation. The aim of this research is to identify and evaluate various determinants of production, cost of production and return of tea cultivation in Hazara Division. The study overviews the existing tea production status and estimates its cost and revenue using primary data. To assess financial viability method used is long term benefit-cost analysis. The analysis is based on 25 years and 80 years data. The benefit-cost ratio is calculated for an average grower and the results show that tea is presently showing no profit-no loss situation at farm level in Pakistan. The result is not different if analysis is based on 25 years or 80 years data. Tea growers make an initial investment for 3-4 years without any returns and then wait up to year 28th to 29th to reach breakeven point. Credit providing institutions should take note of this fact and make plans to help tea growers in this period of tea production. Agriculture experts (researchers and extension personnel) should pay attention to the need of reducing the breakeven period through efforts aiming at greater productivity of tea per unit area because presently there is a big difference in actual and potential production of tea in Pakistan at farm level. Agriculture extension personnel should arrange special training to enhance labor productivity in picking fresh leaves per day from an actual average of 20-25 kg/ day to potential average of 35 kg/day. The government should take step to increase the present purchase price of Rs. 15/kg of fresh tea leaves to a level acceptable to both the tea farmers and government. Keywords: Costs, Long-Run Scenario, Pakistan, Revenue, Tea Production. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Promising Dispute and Opportunity Outlook of Micro Finance Author: Charma Himuta Abstract: ... This research aims at highlighting the various types of financial need of the rural poor people living below the poverty line and the sources available to meet their diverse financial need. This is the right time to investigate the achievements of various schemes under Micro finance. According to an estimate globally 1.2 billion people live in extreme poverty (defined as subsisting on less than one dollar a day) of which 44% are in South Asia, 75% live in rural areas in India. It has been observed that in India poverty is basically rural in character. More than 22% of Indian population lives below the poverty line even today. After nationalization, though the government initiated various development programmes in context to eradication of vicious circle of poverty (especially in rural area) but still the programmes have not gained the desired momentum. In the new development initiative the concept of micro finance has emerged as a solution to correct the imbalances of poverty. Micro finance is such a tool, which directly hits the poverty by helping poor or enabling them not only to survive but also to improve their standard of living. In this Present paper an attempt has been made to highlight the hurdles faced by the rural poor while dealings with banks, impact of various poverty alleviation programmes initiated by banks, NGOs, government , other institutes and challenges ahead. Show More |