About RIK Journals
‘RIK Journals’ are international journals intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Science, Technology, Arts, Management, Engineering, Humanities, Social Science, Education, etc. RIK Journals are...
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| All | Since 2015 | |
|---|---|---|
| Citation | 2400 | 1030 |
| h-index | 962 | 911 |
| i-index | 423 | 261 |
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2023 Archive
| Number 1 |
Title: Sulphate and Phosphate Adsorptions in Bungor Series Soil Author: Esther Kole Abstract: ... Phosphate and sulphate adsorption in Bungor series soil were studied using soil sample and equilibrated with 0.1 M CaCl2 containing concentrations of phosphate and sulphate of 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1200μg-1 phosphate and sulphate was determined using double beam spectrophotometer. The result of the study shows that Bungor series soil has high capacity to adsorb phosphate and sulphate ions. Keywords: Phosphate, sulphate, adsorption, Bungor series soil. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Evaluation of The Quality of Water from Five Different Brands of Sachet Water Sold in Oyigbo Local Government Area of Rivers State Author: Nwoke, I. B. & Udo, V. Abstract: ... Access to safe drinking water is essential for public health, particularly in developing countries where many people depend on packaged sachet water as an alternative to unreliable public water supply. This study evaluated the physical labeling characteristics and physicochemical quality of five brands of sachet water (Daris, Vidharp, Psalms, Soadan, and Divan) sold in the study area. Physical examination of the sachet water labels revealed that all brands indicated product names, manufacturing addresses, and National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) registration numbers. However, none of the brands provided batch numbers, manufacturing dates, expiry dates, or mineral compositions, indicating partial compliance with labeling regulations. Physicochemical analysis showed that the pH values ranged from 6.30 to 7.40. While Daris, Vidharp, and Psalms water fell within the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended range of 6.5–8.5, Soadan and Divan water showed slightly lower values, indicating mild acidity. Temperature values ranged from 25.7°C to 27.6°C. Turbidity values were very low (0.02–0.05 NTU), remaining far below the WHO limit of 5 NTU, suggesting good filtration and minimal suspended particles. Electrical conductivity ranged from 76.1 to 102 µS/cm, while total dissolved solids ranged from 36.5 to 72.6 mg/L, both well within WHO permissible limits.Chemical parameters including chloride (6.08–7.04 mg/L), magnesium (0.40–4.74 mg/L), calcium (2.60–7.22 mg/L), hardness (18–27 mg/L), and alkalinity (25.7–27.6 mg/L) were also within acceptable limits recommended for drinking water. The results indicate that the sachet water brands analyzed are generally safe for consumption based on the evaluated physicochemical parameters. However, the absence of important labeling information such as batch numbers, manufacturing dates, expiry dates, and mineral composition raises regulatory and public health concerns. Continuous monitoring by regulatory agencies and improved compliance by producers are recommended to ensure consumer safety and maintain water quality standards. Keywords: Evaluation, Water Quality, Sachet Water Brands, Rivers State. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Diversity of Male Genetics of Siwa Brahmin Clan in Bali with emphasis on YChromosomal Microsatellites DNA Author: Wahisti Luy Abstract: ... The Brahmin clan in Bali consisted of two groups, that are Siwa Brahmin the descendant of Dang Hyang Nirartha and Boda Brahmin, the descendant of Dang Hyang Astapaka. Dang Hyang Nirartha came to Bali around 1480 and descended Siwa Brahmin clan, with consist of 5 sub-clans (Kemenuh, Manuaba, Keniten, Mas and Patapan). This Research was conducted to determine the molecular characters of Siwa Brahmin clan. The research was conducted by employing the molecular marker microsatellite Y-chromosomal DNA from June to October 2013. There was 8 sizes of allele found, one in the DYS19 locus (200bp), three in DYS390 locus (203, 207 and 211bp) and two alleles were found in DYS393 locus ( 129 and 133bp) and in DYS395 locus (127 and 131bp). The highest frequency of haplotype, from 6 haplotypes recorded, was found in haplotype 2 (0.54) with the allele combination of 200, 207, 129, 127. This haplotipe was found in all of sub-clans: Kemenuh, Manuaba, Keniten, Mas, including sample from unidentified sub-clan. Haplotype 2 could be as the originalhaplotype of Siwa Brahmin. Keywords: Siwa Brahmin clan, DNA microsatellite, allele, haplotype. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Performance Evaluation of Encryption/Decryption Mechanisms to Enhance Data Security Author: Harander Kumar & Priyanka Thary Abstract: ... The foremost goal of this paper is to upgrade the security of information and processing speed utilizing symmetric cryptographic technique based on ASCII value while transferring of information. The idea of this paper is to produce an encoded content by giving plain text enter to symmetric cryptographic based on ASCII value and getting decoded text as original text as original text by giving encrypted text symmetric cryptographic based on ASCII value. Method: In this paper, we have proposed an algorithm which is established on the ASCII value to encode a plaintext. This algorithm randomly generates a key for the person having a length equivalent to the length of the plaintext. The randomly generated key is modified to one other key via substitution of position of key utilizing a random number and is used to decode decrypt the message of original plaintext. Finding: GUI interface was developed using Java Net Beans IDE 8.0. Entire outcomes have obtained using a computer with the following specifications: Intel Core i3 CPU and 1GB RAM. Improvement: Besides the proposed algorithm utilized for this exploration, the other chance of utilizing different algorithm will be executed in future work. Keywords: Ciphertext, Cryptography, Cyber security, Decryption, Encryption, Plaintext Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Extraction of Bat Guano Otonycteris Hemprichii Camd and Seaweed and its Impact on Some Growth and Yield Traits of Barakaseed Nigella Sativa L Author: Ratat Ahmed & Mohammed Fahid Abstract: ... Barakaseed was improved as medicinal plant using some agricultural processes. For example, organic farmyard manure was efficiently applied to enhance growth and yield. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted out during 2012/2013 season to investigate the impact of bat guano (0, 75, 125 and 175 kg.ha-1), seaweed extract as kelpak (0, 1, 2, 3ml.l-1) on some growth and yield traits. Two factors were arranged in a factorial experiment system in completely randomized block design with three replicates. Results revealed that application of bat guano at 175 kg. ha-1 was superior in enhancing plant height, fruit branch per plant, dry weight, capsules per plant, seeds per capsule, 1000 seed weight and seed yield of 66.93cm, 13.32 fruit branch. plant-1, 44.75g. plant-1, 14.12caps. plant-1, 93.35seed. caps-1, 5.64g and 943.0 kg. ha-1 than other levels, respectively. Seaweed (kelpak) at 3 ml.l-1 also significantly increased these traits of 61.64cm, 12.11fruit branch.plant-1, 43.93g.plant-1, 12.27caps.plant-1, 82.90seed.caps-1, 5.34g and 805.0kg.ha-1, respectively. Moreover, the interactive combination of the highest level of bat guano with the highest level of kelpak (175Kg. ha-1X3ml. l-1) gave the highest seed yield of 1154.2 kg. ha-1. It could be concluded that bat guano and kelpak efficiently improved some growth traits. Therefore, consequently increased seed yield. The improvement and increase were gradually occurred. Thus, it could be recommended to use bat guano as shifting source over to chemical fertilizer supported with foliar spraying of seaweed extract as kelpak. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Joint Conformity Resulting from Quadriceps Muscle and Ground Reaction Forces Author: Jack Almedar, Eric Motez & Stephen Omah Abstract: ... Instrumented cadaveric knees were used to address the interaction between unopposed quadriceps muscle forces (QMF), ground reaction force (GRF), and strain in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) through in-vitro simulation of a vertical jump-landing process. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of unopposed QMF, low knee flexion angle, joint conformity and constant GRF on the ACL strain. Fourteen cadaveric knees were mounted in a custom made dynamic loading simulator. The strain on the anteromedial bundle of the ACL was measured using a Differential Variable Reluctance Transducers (DVRT) sensor. Also, an I-Scan pressure transducer was used to measure the contact pressure and area in the tibiofemoral joint. During landing phase, the peak pressure on the lateral compartment is very high compared with the medial compartment. During landing phase, both the contact area and pressure increases in the tibiofemoral joint. The induced joint conformity caused by contact pressure has been justified. The results show that unopposed quadriceps muscle forces coupled with ground reaction force at low knee flexion angle cannot cause ACL injury. Joint compressive loads induced by large muscle forces and GRF introduces the joint conformity, and it produces the primary restraint against anterior tibial translation at low flexion angles. Keywords: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL), Tibiofemoral joint, Strain, Injury, Quadriceps Muscle Force (QMF) and Ground Reaction Force (GRF). Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Decontamination of Reusable Hospital Device using the Newly Invented Antibacterial Author: Kamin Alsar Abstract: ... Hospitals have sanitation protocols regarding uniforms, equipment sterilization, washing, and other preventive measures. Thorough hand washing and/or use of alcohol rubs by all medical personnel before and after each patient contact is one of the most effective ways to combat nosocomial infections. More careful use of antimicrobial agents, such as antibiotics, is also considered vital. We collected a variety of previously used medical devices, 18 pieces (tubing system of ventilator, face masks, blades of laryngoscope and stethoscope bell & diaphragm).After These devices had been cleaned ,rinsed then immersed in bleach ,we tested their decontamination using a newly invented antibacterial; we used different weight of Sidr leaves aqueous extract 50g/L, 62.5 g/L, 75g/L and 87.5 g/L (w/v) and a mixture of the two chemicals ;the extract and hydrogen peroxide 1.5% while normal saline 0.9% was used as control. . The process of testing decontamination was repeated as the period of contact between the devices and any of the fourth disinfectants was increased starting at 5, then increasing to 15and 30 minutes successively. Loopful swabs were taken from the devices before and after contact with the disinfectants and repeated as the period of contact was increased to 15 then 30 minutes. Mixing hydrogen peroxide 1.5% (v/v) and aqueous sidr extract 62.5 g/L(w/v) was effective in eradicating contamination of used contaminated medical devices after a period of contact of 30 minutes. The new antibacterial agent is effective in decontaminating reusable medical devices after 30 minutes of contact. Keywords: antibacterial, Decontamination, sidr, Hospital. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Prevalence and Patterns of Consumption of Unhealthy Diet as a Predisposing Factor to Non-Communicable Diseases among Students of Novena University, Ogume Delta State Author: Efegbere, Henry Akpojubaro; Agofure, Otovwe; Enemuo, Emeka Hycent & Enamiriewan, Mabel Abstract: ... There is lack of knowledge in nutritional values among undergraduate students. Some students develop poor eating habits and tend to select food according to convenience and price available to them rather than their nutritional values. This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence and patterns of consumption of unhealthy diet as a predisposing factor to non-communicable diseases among students of Novena University, Ogume. This study was conducted in Novena University Ogume, Ukwuani Local Government Area of Delta State. It was a descriptive survey design study with multistage sampling technique involving 346 participants. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 for windows. Majority of respondents were female 208(60.1%). Mean age (years) for male and female were 26.28±7.63 and 27.40±8.58 respectively. Mean weight (Kg) for male and female were 63.87±10.76 and 63.31±12.09 respectively. Mean height (m) for male and female were 1.69±0.23 and 1.56±0.29 respectively. Mean BMI for male and female were 23.80±7.07 and 28.98±13.58 respectively. The prevalence of diets choice were mostly rice 312(90.2%), mineral drinks 213 (61.6%), least was Sharwama 75(21.7%) among others. The food consumption pattern was mostly bread and bakery (14.3%), followed by oats/cereals (10.4%) as breakfast for past one week while cassava based food 60 (17.3%), followed by rice 42 (12.4%) as lunch for past one week; bread/ bakery product 67(19.4%) and pasta/ spaghetti 42 (12.1%) as dinner for past one week. The correlation coefficient for the association between the pattern of dietary consumption within the last one week for breakfast, lunch and dinner and respondents for overweight and obesity investigated were 0.172; 0.14; 0.097 and 0.132; 0.002; 0.043 respectively. The correlation analyses showed there is no relationship between dietary pattern of the respondent within the last one week and non-communicable diseases (overweight and obesity) and this relationship is also not statistically significant as p>0.05. The major barrier to healthy dieting was that unhealthy foods are quicker to prepare 302(87.3%). Most of the respondents for the study fell within underweight and healthy weight range which informed the need to increase awareness of healthy food choices and nutritional guidelines. The significant predictors of body mass index were foods rich in plant protein (beans and moin moin) and foods rich in carbohydrates. Keywords: Prevalence, Patterns of Consumption of Unhealthy Diet, Predisposing Factors, Non-Communicable Diseases, Novena University Ogume. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Pregnant Womens Access to Health Information and Its Impacts on Healthcare Utilization Behaviour in Rural Communities in Rivers State Author: Agharandu, Augusta Eleazar; Des-Wosu Vivian Chioma & Nwokogba Joseph Onyedikachukwu Abstract: ... This study examines pregnant women’s access to health information and its impact on healthcare utilization behaviour in rural communities in Emohua. Three (3) research objectives and questions guided the study which adopted descriptive survey design. The study population consisted of 240 pregnant women in attendance at the primary health centres in Emohua out of which a sample of A total of 165 pregnant women were selected to participate in the study using the multi stage sampling technique. Data collection was done using a validated structured questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.78. Data analysis was done using percentage and Chi-square. The result showed that majority 146(97.3%) were able to obtain health information, the sources of information were: health professionals 146(97.3%), family members 12(8.0%) and friends 6(4.0%). The top in the list of information respondents had access to was labour and delivery 144(96.0%), nutritional advice in pregnancy 140(93.3%), development and growth of foetus (92.0%), foetal care 136(90.7%) and special tests in pregnancy 136(90.7%). More than three quarter 118(78.7%) preferred TBAs to skilled healthcare professional. The reasons for their preference was cheap services of TBAs 122(74.7%). The tested hypothesis revealed that that there is a significant relationship between pregnant women’s access to health information and their healthcare utilization behaviour (X2 of 4.39; at df = 2; p-value of 0.02). The study concluded that there is generally high access to health information among pregnant women in rural communities but poor utilization of services. Based on the findings, the need for healthcare providers, community leaders, policy makers and other key stakeholders to address the problem of poor information access as a way of encouraging positive health seeking and utilization behaviour among pregnant women was recommended. Keywords: Pregnant Women, Health information, Impact, Rural Communities. Show More |