About RIK Journals
‘RIK Journals’ are international journals intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Science, Technology, Arts, Management, Engineering, Humanities, Social Science, Education, etc. RIK Journals are...
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| All | Since 2015 | |
|---|---|---|
| Citation | 2400 | 1030 |
| h-index | 962 | 911 |
| i-index | 423 | 261 |
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2020 Archive
| Number 1 |
Title: Awareness and Approach of Consumers toward the Visual Elements in Social Campaign Advertisement Author: Atih Giuliu (Ph.D) & Asimu Byoji (Ph.D) Abstract: ... This research paper tries to explore and describe consumer’s attitude and perception towards the visual elements in social advertising campaign. The literature review concentrates on key areas of consumer behaviour, the role of perception in communication and the role of different image contents and elements in social advertising. We have used semi structured questionnaire and two focus-groups to obtain and analyse the feedback and observations of people regarding visual advertisements. Following from these are the results and discussion that focus on four key areas: perception towards social advertising; attention and interest; congruence; and authorial intent and reader response. Results indicate that perception towards image of social advertisements differed quite significantly between the male and the female respondents. Congruence was found to be highly subjective, and although the respondents showed great approval of an advertisement As a result of contrasting shock element and sexual element in social advertisement. The researcher came to the conclusion that these elements are the most effective in capturing attention and interest. The study concludes with a discussion of the main implications of the research and with forwarding of suggestions for further research. Keywords: Social Advertising, Visual elements, Consumer Behaviour. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: In-Service Training: Vital in Meeting Global Demand in Teacher Education Author: Mba Tamunodienye Nkechinyere (Ph.D) Abstract: ... The need for continuing education of teachers cannot be underestimated. It will help as a catalyst for teachers effectiveness and an avenue of updating teachers skills and knowledge to improve teaching and learning. The different ways in which teachers can advance professionally are mostly through pre-service education, induction courses and in-service education. This paper points out that for in-depth knowledge to compensate for inadequacies of teachers previous training; there is need for them to go for further training. This will help to enhance their knowledge and skills so that they can work efficiently. Therefore, it can be suggested that the planning process should be carefully carried out in order for in-service training to be effective and sustainable and the andragogy principles should be taken into consideration in organizing the teaching and learning process. These trainings should be made relevant to the societal needs particularly in this 21st century. Keywords: Continuing Education, Pre-service Education, Induction Courses and In-service Training Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Expository Teaching of “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” Author: Malai Balah Abstract: ... In its essence, alchemy strives to arrive at a harmonious synthesis of the contending opposites. The maxim “Dissolve and coagulate” encompasses in its precision not only Jung’s extensive alchemical deliberations but also Coleridge’s theoretical formulations on “Imagination.” A conceptual belief in life’s struggle towards unification and coherence is seen in Jung and Coleridge both as the outcome of an intense struggle of conflicting and contending mental and psychological processes in the background. The chaos of contending tendencies, followed by an analysis in isolation of these opposing forces, and a final resolution into harmony is what alchemy proceeds with. This paper is an analysis of how these opposing and conflicting tendencies, psychologically and alchemically, are resulting in a wholeness through the symbolic cluster of “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”. Keywords: Alchemy; Jung; Coleridge; “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Challenges of Entrepreneurs in the Rural Areas of India and ways to solve it Author: Reder E. U. R. (Ph.D) Abstract: ... India lives in its villages, nearly 73 % of the total population live in rural areas where agriculture and allied activities are the main stay of their lives. The economic development of our country largely depends on the development of rural areas and the standard of living of its rural mass. Rural entrepreneur is one of the most important inputs in the economic development of a country and of regions within the country. Rural entrepreneur uses the scarce resources in the most efficient manner thereby increasing profits and decreasing costs. Due to lack of education, majority of rural people are unaware of technological development, marketing etc. Shortage of finance and raw materials are main problems face by rural entrepreneurs. Most of the rural entrepreneurs face peculiar problems like illiteracy, fear of risk, lack of training and experience, limited purchasing power and competition from urban entrepreneurs. Promotion of rural entrepreneurship is a key to develop rural areas and backward towns. This paper focuses on the identification of various problems associated with rural entrepreneurship. Suitable cures have also been discussed to overcome these problems. Keywords: Economic development, Lack of training, Purchasing power, Rural entrepreneur, Rural mass. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: The Influence of Witnessing Inter-Parental Violence on Bullying Behavior among Students of Secondary School Age in Ikwerre Local Government Area of Rivers State Author: Iyagba Philemon Wokoma (Ph.D) & Nwankwo, Gershom Udochukwu Abstract: ... The purpose of this study is to investigate factors influencing bullying behavior among senior students of secondary school age in Ikwerre local government of Rivers State. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Seven research questions and six hypotheses guided the conduct of the study. The population of this study consists of 2,368 secondary school students from Ikwerre Local Government Area of Rivers State. A sample of 300 secondary school students in SS 2 in the research area was selected for the study through stratified random sampling technique. The instruments for data collection in this study were a self-designed structured questionnaire titled "Bullying Risk Factor Questionnaire" (BRFQ). Face and content validities of the instrument were determined while test-retest using Pearson product moment correlation method was used to determine the reliability of the instrument. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while AN OVA and independent t-test were used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 alpha levels. All data were subjected to analysis using statistical package for social science. The following results were obtained; watching violent movies is the highest contributor to bullying behaviour among students of secondary school age; bullying behaviour is higher among students of secondary school age that watch violent movies than those that do not watch violent movies; bullying behavior is higher among students from polygamous families than those from monogamous families; bullying behavior is higher among students bullied by siblings than students not bullied by siblings; bullying behavior is higher among students of secondary school age from uneducated parental background than those from educated parental background; bullying behavior is higher among students from authoritarian homes, followed by those from permissive homes, and lastly by those from authoritative homes; bullying behavior is higher among students of secondary school age who experience inter- parental violence than those who do not. Based on the findings, five recommendations were made among which are that; parents should also ensure that the home environment is devoid of all form of cumbrances and threats that can impede the good upbringing of children born into it; counseling units should be established in all public secondary schools in Nigeria to enable students seek counseling whenever the need arises; students identified with bullying behavior should be referred to guidance counselors for professional assistance. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Effects of Colonization on the Characters’ Eating Habits and their Struggle at Dining Table and around Kitchen Author: Tazia Turif Abstract: ... In The Inheritance of Loss and a House for Mr. Biswas, food might be recognized as an all-important metaphor for self-identification. Food is loaded with meaning about relations, communion, home and identity. In the said texts, food becomes a powerful voice for an emptiness which lives on as a physical craving and a continual sense of discomfort. Identity seems to become physical and instinctive when it comes to food. Interestingly in the postcolonial moment, food appears to lose its capacity for gratification and either acts as a catalyst for evoking disappointment, or a metaphor for self-estrangement that is usually experienced by the displaced subject. This paper aims to show the effects of colonization on the characters’ eating habits and their struggle at dining table and around kitchen. The native is lured into preferring western food over local cuisine so as to cover his colonial inadequacy but most often get deprived of the food that has been satisfying both to his palate and his stomach. Keywords: Food; Identity; Taste; Eating; Gratification; Discomfort; Home; Selfhood. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Approach of Customers’ Attitude towards General Insurance Author: Jatha Sumuna Abstract: ... With over a billion people, India is fast becoming a global economic power. With a relatively youthful population, India will become an attractive insurance market over the next decades. This paper examines the customer attitude towards the General Insurance. A study has been conducted at Erode district with the sample of 750 respondents to find out the influencing factor of the policy holders in the study area. In this context, the respondents’ opinion on the various related statements were collected with a 5 point scaling. Factor analysis, an important multivariate technique has used to reduce the large number of factors in a small group of factors. 25 factors which are considered to be the different type of policy holders conscious. This study helps to find out the various customers which are having different expectation from the General Insurance Companies in the study area. Keywords: Buying Behavior, General Insurance, Global Economic Power, Influencing factor, Insurance Market. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Opinion on the Role of Civil Bureaucracy in Pakistan Author: Louis E. Alexitsh (Ph.D) Abstract: ... This paper explores some of the theoretical limitations of classical theory of bureaucracy. It also analyses Pakistani bureaucracy’s organisational composition and behaviour which reveals that the Pakistan’s civil administrative structure is incongruent with the principles indoctrinated in the classical theory of bureaucracy postulated by Max Webber. When the civil bureaucracy of a state trespasses into the domain of other institutions including the political ones, the very character of the civil administration becomes politicised and this phenomenon is evident in the case of Pakistan. Likewise, the civil administrative institutions are routinely pressurised for manipulating and twisting their rule-bound operating procedures in accordance with the vested interests of politicians. This makes the politicisation of administration inevitable and the concept of ‘legal rational authority’, a highly idealised principle. The organisational and institutional analysis of Pakistan’s civil bureaucracy illustrates that it is a poor materialisation of the classical model of bureaucracy mainly because this system of administration was inherited from the epoch of colonial rule and as such it was never a manifestation of the theory of bureaucracy in the first place. Keywords: Bureaucracy; Governance; Social Services Delivery; Corruption; Institutional Development. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Community Participation in Youth Development Programs and Projects in Nigeria Author: Daniel Uranta T. (Ph.D) & Veronica Eke (Ph.D) Abstract: ... This theoretical research focused on the need for Community Participation in Youth Development Programs and Projects. It discussed various components and theories of Community Development including the aims and objectives of Community Development. The paper examined various challenges and constraints of Community Development and defined Community Participation as a cure to Youth Development Programs. The paper emphasised the benefits and importance of Participation in Community Development as determinants to success in Youth Development Programs. It is believed that if the Youth Development Programs would yield expected outcomes, then it must be achieved through Community Participation in our communities. Keywords: Youth Participation, Community Development, Programs and participation. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Enhancing Economic Performance of Corporate Firms in Pakistan Author: Galid Firman Abstract: ... This study works to examine the working capital factors that may enhance economic performance of corporate firms in Pakistan. This performance is measured by sales and accounts payable in days, accounts receivable in days, inventory turnover in days and cash conversion cycle represents working capital. The study is conducted on 64 non-financial firms listed on Karachi stock Exchange for a period of 12 years, from 2003 to 2014. Account receivables and payables along with cash conversion cycle have significant positive relationship with performance of firms. Inventory turnover has a significant negative relationship with sales. The result of this study shows that the role of managing working capital is vital for firms. If account receivable in days and accounts payable in days are increased, it will lead to increased sales of the firms. The study shows that if management can master the art of efficiently managing the working capital and keep it at optimum level, they will enhance the economic performance of the firm. Keywords: Working Capital Cycle; Cash Conversion Cycle; Economic performance. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Bangladesh Approach towards Trademark Protection Author: Kilan Nossain (Ph.D) Abstract: ... A trademark is a legal protected name, sign or symbol which is an integral part in case of industry; it distinguishes the goods of one enterprise from another. In a country, trademark protection rights can be established through registration or use or both. In Bangladesh, trademark registration is not compulsory but in practice, no trademark is generally entitled to get protection from the law of court without registration; a certificate of a registered trademark from a proper government authority is deemed as a prima facie evidence. This paper focuses on trademark, trademark protection and it’s obtaining procedure in Bangladesh; legal remedies in case of infringement. This article also shows the standard of trademark protection, existing problems in case of implementation of present trademark laws and paves the ways. Keywords: Trademark, Trademark Protection, Registration, Passing off, Infringement, Remedies. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Experimentation as the Foundation of Quantum Mechanics: Its Heuristic Essence Author: Christian C. Emedolu (Ph.D) Abstract: ... Most practicing scientists are experimental realists. They place equal emphasis on both theory and experiment, even though often priority and significance are apparently ascribed to theorization in science. Max Planck once argued that experiment is always a question posed to Nature and the results from experiment are Nature’s answers. But, then, many philosophers of science downplay experiment in the discussions of the history and philosophy of science. The feeling is that scientific experiment does not play any pivotal role in unfolding the secrets of nature. This paper, therefore, addresses the issue and urges that the phenomenon of neglect of scientific experiment which has eaten into every fabric of philosophy of science discourse should be halted. The paper attempts its specific resolution from the viewpoint of the place of experiment in quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics sheds a whole lot of light on the unappreciated heuristic value of scientific experiment. The respect quantum physicists show to experiment is enough pedagogical lessons for any willing investigator. Since this paper does not involve any thoroughgoing experimental or empirical research, I use the simple method of textual analysis. Keywords: Quantum Mechanics, Experimentation, Foundation, Heuristic, and Essence Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: Influence of Motivation on Teachers Job Performance: A Study of Public Secondary Schools in Owerri Municipal Council, Imo State, Nigeria Author: Nwosu Chinedu Everest (Ph.D) Abstract: ... This study investigates the influence of motivation on teacher’s job performance using public secondary schools in Owerri Municipal Council, Imo State as the study locale. The survey research design was adopted for the study. A sample size of 282 was adopted from the population of the study using Taro Yamene formula for sample size determination. The proportionate sampling technique was applied in this study to determine the sample to be drawn from each of the eight public secondary schools in Owerri Municipal Council, Imo State since the schools do not have equal number of populations. The summation of all the responses was presented using frequency distribution tables and simple percentages, while the mean statistical tool was employed to test the hypothesis formulated in the study. The test statistics reveals among others that, there is a significant relationship between motivation of teachers and classroom effectiveness in public secondary schools in Owerri, Municipal Council, Imo State. The study concludes that, motivating teachers does not necessarily mean the ultimate provision of adequate facilities for teaching but all the measures for optimal commitment and performance to teaching. The study recommends among others that, Imo State government should motivate teachers through promotion as at when due and proper placement. By so doing, teachers would perform their class room duties effectively in order to impact knowledge, skills and values to the students in public secondary schools in Owerri, Municipal Council, Imo State. Keywords: Motivation, Teachers, Job Performance, Public Secondary Schools, Imo State. Show More |
| Number 1 |
Title: State of Nigeria’s Oil Economy and Covid-19 Pandemic The Agricultural Perspectiv Author: Ugwu, Chioma Scholastica & Ugwu, Chukwuma Felix Abstract: ... This paper on state of Nigeria’s oil economy and COVID-19 pandemic: The agricultural perspective focused primarily on the current condition of the economy of Nigeria, its major source(s) of survival and the implications on the growth of the economy as well as the need for diversification. Relying on secondary materials, the paper argues that over the years the Nigerian economy has depended greatly on production and exporting of oil, giving little attention to the development of non-oil sector. These technically plagued the country into recession and affected the economic wellbeing of the nation at different periods. The economy has remained import reliant and undiversified. This has thrown the nation into challenges of slow gross domestic product (GDP), high rate of unemployment, poverty, and poor social services delivery amongst others. The current state of the economy and the future of the economic wellbeing of its population, coupled with COVID-19 pandemic remain elusive. An inclusive economy of both the oil and non-oil sectors performance remains crucial to cushion the effect of volatile economy, complement and provide a balanced growth. Successive governments’ economic recovery policy abound, nonetheless, the economy remains unstable and volatile. It is therefore the aim of this paper to propose economic policy that would engender economic growth and development through diversification particularly to the agricultural sector. The sustenance of economic policy by the government and support of stakeholders and professionals, including public administrators and social workers in policy formulation and implementation to achieve sustainable economic growth and development remain crucial. KEYWORDS: Oil economy, COVID-19, Economic growth, Economic diversification, Agricultural sector JEL CODE 83 - SE Show More |